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Written by Ed Craig
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CSA Steels

As with all the steel data this is a guide only no warranteies
are given on data accuracy or on omissions

CAN3-G40.20-M81 REQUIREMENTS FOR ROLLED WELDED STRUCTURAL STEELS
CAN3-G40.21-M81 STRUCTURAL STEELS
G30.12.M BILLET STEEL BARS CONCRETE REINFORCEMENT
G30.16M WELDABLE LOW ALLOY STEEL DEFORMED BARS CONCRETE
G164 HOT DIP GALVANIZED
G189 SPRAYED METAL COATING.

CSA CLASS G40.21M (260W) THREE DIGITS = MINIMUM YIELD IN MPa (260 MPa)
Metric Conversion 1000 psi = ksi x 6.894 = MPa
1 MPa = 145.03 psi

CSA CLASS G40.21M (260W) LETTERS W-G-Q-T-R-A = Steel Characteristics

CSA (W) Weldable construction steel impact properties not considered.
CSA (G) General construction steels weld under controlled conditions.
CSA (T) Weldable with good impact properties.
CSA (WT) Welable Notch Tough Steels
CSA (R) Atmospherica corrosion Resistant Weathering Steels.
CSA (A) Weathering steels with good impact properties.
CSA (AT) Atmospheric Corrosion Resistant Weldable Notch Tough steels.
CSA (Q) Quenched Tempered Low Alloy Steels
CSA (QT) Quenched Tempered Low Alloy Notch Tough Steel Plate.

SMAW and GMAW Mechanical Strength
E6010 Minimum Yield 50,000 psi Minimum Tensile 62,000 psi.
E6011 Minimum Yield 50,000 psi Minimum Tensile 62,000 psi.
E7010 Minimum Yield 60,000 psi Minimum Tensile 72,000 psi.
E7018 Minimum Yield 60,000 psi Minimum Tensile 72,000 psi.

MIG E70S-3-6 Minimum Yield 60,000 psi Minimum Tensile 72,000 psi.

Mechanical Strength of Gas Shielded Flux Cored Electrodes from the
ANSI/AWS A5.29. 1198 Specification
Low Alloy Steel Electrodes for Flux Cored Arc Welding

CSA CLASS G40.21M (260W) THREE DIGITS = MINIMUM YIELD IN MPa (260 MPa)
Metric Conversion 1000 psi = ksi x 6.894 = MPa. 1 MPa = 145.03 psi

CSA CLASS G40.21M (260W) LETTERS W-G-Q-T-R-A = Steel Characteristics

CSA (W) Weldable construction steel impact properties not considered.
CSA (G) General construction steels weld under controlled conditions.
CSA (T) Weldable with good impact properties.
CSA (WT) Welable Notch Tough Steels
CSA (R) Atmospherica corrosion Resistant Weathering Steels.
CSA (A) Weathering steels with good impact properties.
CSA (AT) Atmospheric Corrosion Resistant Weldable Notch Tough steels.
CSA (Q) Quenched Tempered Low Alloy Steels
CSA (QT) Quenched Tempered Low Alloy Notch Tough Steel Plate

CSA CLASS G40.21M (260W) THREE DIGITS = MINIMUM YIELD IN MPa (260 MPa)
Metric Conversion 1000 psi = ksi x 6.894 = MPa
1 MPa = 145.03 psi

CSA CLASS G40.21M (260W) LETTERS W-G-Q-T-R-A = Steel Characteristics

CSA (W) Weldable construction steel impact properties not considered.
CSA (G) General construction steels weld under controlled conditions.
CSA (T) Weldable with good impact properties.
CSA (WT) Welable Notch Tough Steels
CSA (R) Atmospherica corrosion Resistant Weathering Steels.
CSA (A) Weathering steels with good impact properties.
CSA (AT) Atmospheric Corrosion Resistant Weldable Notch Tough steels.
CSA (Q) Quenched Tempered Low Alloy Steels
CSA (QT) Quenched Tempered Low Alloy Notch Tough Steel Plate

CSA ELECTRODE SPECIFICATION:
CSA SMAW SPEC W48.1M
E410XX = 60K Tensile
E480XX = 70 K Tensile

CSA SMAW SPEC W48.38 Low Alloy Mpa Tensiles
E480 - E550 (80k) - E620 (90k) - E690 (100k) E760 (110k)

Metric Conversion 1000 psi = ksi x 6.894 = MPa 1 MPa = 145.03 psi

CSA Flux Cored Spec W48.5M
CSA Sub Arc W48.6M

SMAW and GMAW Mechanical Strength
E6010 Minimum Yield 50,000 psi Minimum Tensile 62,000 psi.
E6011 Minimum Yield 50,000 psi Minimum Tensile 62,000 psi.
E7010 Minimum Yield 60,000 psi Minimum Tensile 72,000 psi.
E7018 Minimum Yield 60,000 psi Minimum Tensile 72,000 psi.

MIG E70S-3-6 Minimum Yield 60,000 psi Minimum Tensile 72,000 psi.

Mechanical Strength of Gas Shielded Flux Cored Electrodes from the
ANSI/AWS A5.29. 1198 Specification
Low Alloy Steel Electrodes for Flux Cored Arc Welding

What is Brittleness? The ease at which the weld or metal will break or crack without appreciable deformation. When a metal gets harder it becomes more brittle. Preheat, inter-pass temp controls and post heat all are designed to reduce the potential for brittleness.

Welding alloy steels often may require unique weld or heat treat considerations. Compare CSA steels chemistry and mechanicals with a standard A36 steel or ASTM designations provided. Remember this site is only a guide, weld responsibility starts with "you" First verify the weld consumable and then the material heat treat recommendations.

 

Steels	Yield  ksi	Tensile  ksi MPa	Description	Preheat Post heat	UNS	Chemistry weld data
CSA 480W	70	85-115	Check ASTM A607-70			carb 0.26max Mn 0.5-1.5 Si 0.4
CSA 480T	70	85-115				carb 0.26 Mn 0.8-1.5 E8018
CSA 480A	70	85 - 115				carb 0.2 max Mn 1-1.6 Cr 0.7 Ni 0.25 - 0.5 Cu0.2-0.6 E8018W

CSA 700Q

> 101

CSA 700QT - 77Q ASTM A514 A517

carb 0.2max Mn 1.5 Si 0.15 - 0.35 boron <0.005 E11018-M

What is Yield Strength?. The stress that can be applied to a base metal or weld without "permanent deformation is the yield strangth" of the metal.

The Tensile Strength is the maximum tensile strength that the metal or weld can with stand before "failure occurs".

 

STRESS RELIEVING (SR) BASIC GUIDELINES:

• STRESS RELIEF - CONTROLLED HEATING & COOLING TO REDUCE STRESS.
• STRESS RELIEF MACHINED PARTS FOR DIMENSIONAL STABILITY.
• STRESS RELIEF SLOW HEATING AND COOLING REQUIRED
• CONFIRM WITH CODE SPECIFICAIONS FOR STRESS RELIEF REQUIREMENTS.
  
  
  
  
  

When steels are quenched and tempered, to match properties
electrode selection and heat treatment recommendations will be critical.

What is Fatigue?The ability of a metal or weld to withstand repeated loads. Fatigue failures occur at stress levels less than the metal or weld yield strength. Some things that can influence fatigue failure:

• Excess weld profiles.
• Welds which cause undercut.
• FCAW or SMAW slag inclusions or porosity.
• Lack of weld penetration.
• Excess weld heat, typically from multi-pass welds without inter-pass temp controls.
• Items to a part that adds restraint while welding.
• Items added to a part that can concentrate stresses in a specific location.
• Incorrect selection of filler metal, weld too weak or weld too strong.

What is Hardness?The resistance of the metal or the weld to penetration. Hardness is related to the strength of the metal. A good way to test a weld after the weld and heat treatment are complete, is to test the hardness of weld and the base metal surrounding the weld.

What is Ductility? The amount that a metal or weld will deform without breaking. Measured on welds by the % of elongation in a 2 inch 51 mm test piece. An E71T-1 flux cored electrode should result in a minimum of 20% elongation. An E70S--6 MIG weld should produce approx 22%.

What si Toughness?The ability of the metal or weld sample at a predetermined temperature to withstand a shock.
The test for toughness measures the impact of a pendulum on a notched specimen. You may see that the required impact properties for the metal or weld are 20ft-lbf @ -20 F (27 j @ -29C)



If you are welding a carbon steel and you don't know what the composition is or what the weld consumable should be, try the following:


• If the metal is thicker than 6 mm preheat to 150F.
• Use either an E7018 stick electrode, an 0.035 or 0.045 E70S-6 MIG wire. For your all position welds an E71T-1 electrode wire.
• For MIG welding use an argon 10 to 15% CO2 mix.
• For flux cored use a mix with 20 to 25% CO2.
• Ensure with multi-pass welds you use inter-pass temp control. Ensure the inter-pass temp weld temperature does not exceed 200F.
• If possible do destructive test of a weld sample.
• If possible have the hardness and grain size checked after welding.
  
  
  
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